Home Epigenetics Histone Acetyltransferase inhibitor - NF-κB inhibitor - HDAC inhibitor - Nrf2 activator - Influenza Virus inhibitor - HIV inhibitor - Autophagy activator - Apoptosis related activator - Ferroptosis inhibitor - Epigenetic Reader Domain inhibitor - HCV inhibitor Curcumin For research use only.

Curcumin

Synonyms: Diferuloylmethane, Natural Yellow 3, Turmeric yellow

Curcumin (Diferuloylmethane, Natural Yellow 3, Turmeric yellow) is the principal curcuminoid of the popular Indian spice turmeric, which is a member of the ginger family (Zingiberaceae). It is an inhibitor of p300 histone acetylatransferase（IC50~25 μM）and Histone deacetylase (HDAC); activates Nrf2 pathway and supresses the activation of NF-κB. Curcumin induces mitophagy, autophagy, apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest with antitumor activity. Curcumin reduces renal damage associated with rhabdomyolysis by decreasing ferroptosis-mediated cell death. Curcumin exhibits anti-infective properties against various human pathogens like the influenza virus, hepatitis C virus, HIV and so on.

Curcumin Chemical Structure

Curcumin Chemical Structure

CAS No. 458-37-7

Purity & Quality Control

Curcumin Related Products

Signaling Pathway

Histone Acetyltransferase Signaling Pathways

Histone Acetyltransferase Signaling Pathway

Cell Data

Cell Lines Assay Type Concentration Incubation Time Formulation Activity Description PMID
U87 Cell viability assay 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 µM/L 24 hours At concentrations higher than 20 µM/L, cell viabilities steeply declined 31062527
HEL cells Cell viability assay 0-30 µmol/L 24/48 hours The viability of the HEL cells exposed to curcumin was significantly lower compared to control cells even at low concentrations. 31033209
Raw246.7 Cell viability assay 1, 5, 10, 50, 100, 200, and 500 g/mL 31007701
RT112 Cell viability assay 0.1 or 0.4 μg/ml 24, 48, and 72 h Curcumin alone, added at a concentration from 0.1 to 0.4 μg/ml, did not alter cell growth of RT112 cells, slightly reduced UMUC3 cell growth at 0.4 μg/ml, and only moderately suppressed growth of TCCSUP at 0.2 and 0.4 μg/ml, each compared to respective controls 30984278
UMUC3 Cell viability assay 0.1 or 0.4 μg/ml 24, 48, and 73 h Curcumin alone, added at a concentration from 0.1 to 0.4 μg/ml, did not alter cell growth of RT112 cells, slightly reduced UMUC3 cell growth at 0.4 μg/ml, and only moderately suppressed growth of TCCSUP at 0.2 and 0.5 μg/ml, each compared to respective controls 30984278
TCCSUP Cell viability assay 0.1 or 0.4 μg/ml 24, 48, and 74 h Curcumin alone, added at a concentration from 0.1 to 0.4 μg/ml, did not alter cell growth of RT112 cells, slightly reduced UMUC3 cell growth at 0.4 μg/ml, and only moderately suppressed growth of TCCSUP at 0.2 and 0.6 μg/ml, each compared to respective controls 30984278
KBM5 Antiproliferative assay 72 hrs Antiproliferative activity against human KBM5 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 3.84 μM. 24280069
Jurkat Antiproliferative assay 72 hrs Antiproliferative activity against human Jurkat cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 4.29 μM. 24280069
U266 Antiproliferative assay 72 hrs Antiproliferative activity against human U266 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 7.57 μM. 24280069
A549 Antiproliferative assay 72 hrs Antiproliferative activity against human A549 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 17.3 μM. 24280069
MCF7 Cytotoxicity assay 24 hrs Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 32.2 μM. 26174555
SKOV3 Cytotoxicity assay 24 hrs Cytotoxicity against human SKOV3 cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 43.63 μM. 26174555
CT26 Cytotoxicity assay 72 hrs Cytotoxicity against mouse CT26 cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation incubated for 72 hrs by MTS assay, IC50 = 7.7 μM. 26318057
SW620 Cytotoxicity assay 72 hrs Cytotoxicity against human SW620 cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation incubated for 72 hrs by MTS assay, IC50 = 12.52 μM. 26318057
SGC7901 Cytotoxicity assay 72 hrs Cytotoxicity against human SGC7901 cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation incubated for 72 hrs by MTS assay, IC50 = 24.41 μM. 26318057
GES-1 Cytotoxicity assay 72 hrs Cytotoxicity against human GES-1 cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation incubated for 72 hrs by MTS assay, IC50 = 27.89 μM. 26318057
MGC803 Cytotoxicity assay 72 hrs Cytotoxicity against human MGC803 cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation incubated for 72 hrs by MTS assay, IC50 = 31.39 μM. 26318057
Caco2 Antiproliferative assay Antiproliferative activity against human Caco2 cells, IC50 = 10.3 μM. 26539626
U2OS Cytotoxicity assay 48 hrs Cytotoxicity against human U2OS cells expressing wild-type p53 after 48 hrs by crystal violet-staining based spectrophotometric assay, EC50 = 22.8 μM. 26606246
Saos2 Cytotoxicity assay 48 hrs Cytotoxicity against human Saos2 cells expressing p53 mutant after 48 hrs by crystal violet-staining based spectrophotometric assay, EC50 = 28.1 μM. 26606246
U2OS Cytotoxicity assay 24 hrs Cytotoxicity against human U2OS cells expressing wild-type p53 after 24 hrs by crystal violet-staining based spectrophotometric assay, EC50 = 34.4 μM. 26606246
Saos2 Cytotoxicity assay 24 hrs Cytotoxicity against human Saos2 cells expressing p53 mutant after 24 hrs by crystal violet-staining based spectrophotometric assay, EC50 = 48.6 μM. 26606246
T98G Antiproliferative assay 24 hrs Antiproliferative activity against human T98G cells after 24 hrs by EZ-Tox assay, IC50 = 10 μM. 26631318
T98G Antiproliferative assay 72 hrs Antiproliferative activity against human T98G cells assessed as cell viability after 72 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 25 μM. 26631318
T67 Neuroprotective assay Neuroprotective effect in human T67 cells assessed as increase in NQO1 activity using DCIP as substrate 26696252
SH-SY5Y Antiproliferative assay 48 hrs Antiproliferative activity against human SH-SY5Y cells assessed as cell viability after 48 hrs, IC50 = 16.1 μM. 26705144
HeLa Antiproliferative assay 48 hrs Antiproliferative activity against human HeLa cells assessed as cell viability after 48 hrs, IC50 = 21.8 μM. 26705144
HeLa Cell cycle assay 16 hrs Cell cycle arrest in human HeLa cells assessed as accumulation at G1 phase at IC50 to 2 times IC50 after 16 hrs by FACS analysis 26705144
HuH7 Cytotoxicity assay 48 hrs Cytotoxicity against human HuH7 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 48 μM. 26783179
HeLa Antiproliferative assay 3 days Antiproliferative activity against human HeLa cells assessed as inhibition of cell viability after 3 days by WST-1 assay, IC50 = 12.11 μM. 26827161
LNCAP Antiproliferative assay 3 days Antiproliferative activity against human LNCAP cells assessed as inhibition of cell viability after 3 days by WST-1 assay, IC50 = 13.61 μM. 26827161
PC3 Antiproliferative assay 3 days Antiproliferative activity against human PC3 cells assessed as inhibition of cell viability after 3 days by WST-1 assay, IC50 = 25.43 μM. 26827161
DU145 Antiproliferative assay 3 days Antiproliferative activity against human DU145 cells assessed as inhibition of cell viability after 3 days by WST-1 assay, IC50 = 26.23 μM. 26827161
RAW264.7 Antiinflammatory assay 24 hrs Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production after 24 hrs by Griess assay, IC50 = 19.1 μM. 26841168
BV2 Function assay 24 hrs Inhibition of LPS-induced NO production in mouse BV2 cells assessed as reduction in nitrite level pretreated for 24 hrs before LPS treatment for additional 24 hrs by Griess reaction method, IC50 = 0.52 μM. 26859776
HepG2 Cytotoxicity assay Cytotoxicity activity against human HepG2 cells by MTT assay, IC50 = 4.43 μM. 26873414
A549 Cytotoxicity assay Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells by MTT assay, IC50 = 23.54 μM. 26873414
MCF7 Cytotoxicity assay Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells by MTT assay, IC50 = 46.25 μM. 26873414
SKOV3 Cytotoxicity assay Cytotoxicity against human SKOV3 cells by MTT assay, IC50 = 49.85 μM. 26873414
A549/CDDP Antiproliferative assay 72 hrs Antiproliferative activity against human A549/CDDP cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 32.39 μM. 26891099
A549 Antiproliferative assay 72 hrs Antiproliferative activity against human A549 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 38.12 μM. 26891099
A549/CDDP Function assay Inhibition of thioredoxin reductase in human A549/CDDP cells by DTNB dye based microplate spectrophotometry, IC50 = 39.42 μM. 26891099
A549 Function assay Inhibition of thioredoxin reductase in human A549 cells by DTNB dye based microplate spectrophotometry, IC50 = 40.56 μM. 26891099
A549 Apoptosis assay 2.1 to 4.2 uM 24 hrs Induction of apoptosis in human A549 cells at 2.1 to 4.2 uM after 24 hrs by annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide staining-based flow cytometry 26891099
A549/CDDP Apoptosis assay 0.6 to 1.2 uM 24 hrs Induction of apoptosis in human A549/CDDP cells at 0.6 to 1.2 uM after 24 hrs by annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide staining-based flow cytometry 26891099
bone marrow Function assay 48 hrs Inhibition of RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation in ICR mouse bone marrow cells after 48 hrs by TRAP assay, IC50 = 7.5 μM. 26923696
U937 Function assay 17 to 20 hrs Inhibition of LPS/IFN-gamma-induced PGE2 production in PMA-treated human U937 cells after 17 to 20 hrs by enzyme immunoassay, IC50 = 1.88 μM. 27040659
RAW264.7 Function assay 17 to 20 hrs Inhibition of LPS/IFN-gamma-induced PGE2 production in mouse RAW264.7 cells after 17 to 20 hrs by enzyme immunoassay, IC50 = 15.95 μM. 27040659
BV2 Antiinflammatory assay 24 hrs Antiinflammatory activity in mouse BV2 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production after 24 hrs by Griess assay, IC50 = 4.77 μM. 27228227
SH-SY5Y Neuroprotective assay 24 hrs Neuroprotective activity in human SH-SY5Y cells assessed as reduction in 6-OHDA-induced cell death measured after 24 hrs by MTT assay, EC50 = 6.2 μM. 27420919
PC3 Cytotoxicity assay 24 hrs Cytotoxicity against human PC3 cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 24 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 39 μM. 27496212
DU145 Cytotoxicity assay 24 hrs Cytotoxicity against human DU145 cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 24 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 41 μM. 27496212
4T1 Cytotoxicity assay 24 hrs Cytotoxicity against mouse 4T1 cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 24 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 49.4 μM. 27496212
T47D Cytotoxicity assay 24 hrs Cytotoxicity against human T47D cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 24 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 30 μM. 27517806
CHOK1 Growth inhibition assay 72 hrs Growth inhibition of CHOK1 cells assessed as mitochondrial activity measured after 72 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 7.5 μM. 27521589
LNCAP Antiproliferative assay 3 days Antiproliferative activity against human LNCAP cells after 3 days by WST or trypan blue assay, IC50 = 13.61 μM. 27543391
PC3 Antiproliferative assay 3 days Antiproliferative activity against human PC3 cells after 3 days by WST or trypan blue assay, IC50 = 25.43 μM. 27543391
DU145 Antiproliferative assay 3 days Antiproliferative activity against human DU145 cells after 3 days by WST or trypan blue assay, IC50 = 26.23 μM. 27543391
BV2 Function assay 1 hr Inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production in mouse BV2 cells pretreated for 1 hr before LPS stimulation measured after 24 hrs by Griess assay, IC50 = 1.42 μM. 27592135
BV2 Function assay 1 hr Inhibition of Src in mouse BV2 cells assessed as suppression of LPS-induced NO release preincubated for 1 hr followed by LPS addition measured after 24 hrs by Griess assay, IC50 = 2.2 μM. 27617803
A549 Antiproliferative assay 48 hrs Antiproliferative activity against human A549 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 15.06 μM. 27816267
MDA-MB-231 Antiproliferative assay 48 hrs Antiproliferative activity against human MDA-MB-231 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 24.54 μM. 27816267
DU145 Antiproliferative assay 48 hrs Antiproliferative activity against human DU145 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 44.71 μM. 27816267
EAhy926 Cytotoxicity assay 48 hrs Cytotoxicity against human EAhy926 cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 24.6 μM. 27843113
Caco2 Cytotoxicity assay 48 hrs Cytotoxicity against human Caco2 cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 38.3 μM. 27843113
CHOK1 Cytotoxicity assay 48 hrs Cytotoxicity against CHOK1 cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 42 μM. 27843113
SH-SY5Y Function assay 1 to 5 uM 24 hrs Antioxidant activity against t-BHP-induced oxidative stress in human SH-SY5Y cells assessed as inhibition of ROS production at 1 to 5 uM after 24 hrs by DCFH-DA probe based flow cytometric analysis 27856236
NCI-H1650 Cytotoxicity assay 72 hrs Cytotoxicity against human NCI-H1650 cells measured after 72 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 20.7 μM. 27886548
LLC Cytotoxicity assay 72 hrs Cytotoxicity against mouse LLC cells measured after 72 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 24.7 μM. 27886548
A549 Cytotoxicity assay 72 hrs Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells measured after 72 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 27.8 μM. 27886548
K562 Function assay 48 hrs Inhibition of P-gp in doxorubicin resistant human K562 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability measured after 48 hrs by Presto blue assay, GI50 = 19.67 μM. 27908756
K562 Antiproliferative assay 48 hrs Antiproliferative activity against human K562 cells measured after 48 hrs by Presto blue assay, GI50 = 21.67 μM. 27908756
H460 Function assay 48 hrs Inhibition of P-gp in drug resistant human H460 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability measured after 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay, GI50 = 26 μM. 27908756
NCI-H460 Antiproliferative assay 48 hrs Antiproliferative activity against human NCI-H460 cells measured after 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay, GI50 = 27.3 μM. 27908756
K562 Function assay 20 to 30 uM 48 hrs Down regulation of p-gp expression in doxorubicin resistant human K562 cells at 20 to 30 uM measured after 48 hrs by Western blot method 27908756
K562 Cell cycle assay 20 uM 48 hrs Cell cycle arrest in doxorubicin resistant human K562 cells assessed as decrease in G0/G1 phase at 20 uM measured after 48 hrs by propidium iodide staining based flow cytometry 27908756
K562 Cell cycle assay 20 uM 48 hrs Cell cycle arrest in doxorubicin resistant human K562 cells assessed as increase in G2/M phase at 20 uM measured after 48 hrs by propidium iodide staining based flow cytometry 27908756
K562 Function assay 20 to 40 uM 48 hrs Up regulation of p53 expression in doxorubicin resistant human K562 cells at 20 to 40 uM measured after 48 hrs by Western blot method 27908756
K562 Cell cycle assay 20 uM 48 hrs Cell cycle arrest in doxorubicin resistant human K562 cells assessed as decrease in S phase at 20 uM measured after 48 hrs by propidium iodide staining based flow cytometry 27908756
K562 Cell cycle assay 30 to 40 uM 48 hrs Cell cycle arrest in doxorubicin resistant human K562 cells assessed as accumulation at G0/G1 phase at 30 to 40 uM measured after 48 hrs by propidium iodide staining based flow cytometry 27908756
K562 Cell cycle assay 30 to 40 uM 48 hrs Cell cycle arrest in doxorubicin resistant human K562 cells assessed as decrease in G2/M phase at 30 to 40 uM measured after 48 hrs by propidium iodide staining based flow cytometry 27908756
K562 Function assay 20 to 40 uM 48 hrs Down regulation of cyclin B1 expression in doxorubicin resistant human K562 cells at 20 to 40 uM measured after 48 hrs by Western blot method 27908756
K562 Apoptosis assay 20 to 40 uM 48 hrs Induction of apoptosis in doxorubicin resistant human K562 cells decrease in pro-caspase 3 level at 20 to 40 uM measured after 48 hrs by Western blot method 27908756
K562 Apoptosis assay 20 to 40 uM 48 hrs Induction of apoptosis in doxorubicin resistant human K562 cells assessed as increase in PARP-1 cleavage at 20 to 40 uM measured after 48 hrs by Western blot method 27908756
Raji Function assay 48 hrs Inhibition of TPA-induced EBV-early antigen activation in human Raji cells after 48 hrs by indirect immunofluorescence method, IC50 = 12.1 μM. 27933896
BV2 Function assay 24 hrs Inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production in mouse BV2 cells pretreated for 24 hrs followed by LPS-stimulation after 24 hrs by Griess assay, IC50 = 2.36 μM. 28032759
PC3 Antiproliferative assay 48 hrs Antiproliferative activity against human PC3 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 12.22 μM. 28038323
MDA-MB-231 Antiproliferative assay 48 hrs Antiproliferative activity against human MDA-MB-231 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 15.81 μM. 28038323
BT549 Antiproliferative assay 48 hrs Antiproliferative activity against human BT549 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 24.93 μM. 28038323
HeLa Antiproliferative assay 48 hrs Antiproliferative activity against human HeLa cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 25.41 μM. 28038323
DU145 Antiproliferative assay 48 hrs Antiproliferative activity against human DU145 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 28.41 μM. 28038323
BV2 Function assay 30 mins Inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production in mouse BV2 cells pretreated for 30 mins followed by LPS-stimulation after 24 hrs by Griess assay, IC50 = 4.5 μM. 28055210
THP1 Function assay 1 hr Inhibition of LPS-induced tissue factor procoagulant activity in human THP1 cells preincubated for 1 hr followed by LPS addition measured after 5 hrs using factor 10a chromogenic substrate in presence of prothrombin complex, IC50 = 0.01316 μM. 28109788
RAW264.7 Antiinflammatory assay 20 uM Anti-inflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced IL-6 production at 20 uM by ELISA 28284806
RAW264.7 Antiinflammatory assay 20 uM Anti-inflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced TNFalpha production at 20 uM by ELISA 28284806
PC12 Neuroprotective assay 0.1 to 10 uM 24 hrs Neuroprotective activity against H202-induced toxicity in rat PC12 cells assessed as increase in cell viability at 0.1 to 10 uM after 24 hrs by MTT assay 28302511
PC12 Neuroprotective assay 0.1 to 10 uM 24 hrs Neuroprotective activity against Abeta42-induced toxicity in rat PC12 cells assessed as increase in cell viability at 0.1 to 10 uM after 24 hrs by MTT assay 28302511
HCT116 Antiproliferative assay Antiproliferative activity against human HCT116 cells up to 72 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 13.77 μM. 28319780
MDA-MB-231 Antiproliferative assay Antiproliferative activity against human MDA-MB-231 cells up to 72 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 16.23 μM. 28319780
PC3 Antiproliferative assay Antiproliferative activity against human PC3 cells up to 72 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 18.8 μM. 28319780
BT474 Antiproliferative assay 24 hrs Antiproliferative activity against HER2 positive human BT474 cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 30.14 μM. 28319780
MDA-MB-453 Antiproliferative assay 24 hrs Antiproliferative activity against HER2 positive human MDA-MB-453 cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 32.4 μM. 28319780
MDA-MB-157 Antiproliferative assay 24 hrs Antiproliferative activity against human MDA-MB-157 cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 40.38 μM. 28319780
SKBR3 Antiproliferative assay 24 hrs Antiproliferative activity against HER2 positive human SKBR3 cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 42.83 μM. 28319780
MCF7 Antiproliferative assay 24 hrs Antiproliferative activity against ER/PR positive human MCF7 cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 42.89 μM. 28319780
MDA-MB-468 Antiproliferative assay 24 hrs Antiproliferative activity against human MDA-MB-468 cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 42.89 μM. 28319780
T47D Antiproliferative assay 24 hrs Antiproliferative activity against ER/PR positive human T47D cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 47.91 μM. 28319780
cells at Growth inhibition assay 30 uM 48 hrs Growth inhibition of human Hep3B cells at 30 uM after 48 hrs by MTT assay 28342400
PWR-1E Antiproliferative assay 3 days Antiproliferative activity against human PWR-1E cells after 3 days by WST-1 assay, IC50 = 8.14 μM. 28388523
LNCAP Antiproliferative assay 3 days Antiproliferative activity against human LNCAP cells after 3 days by WST-1 assay, IC50 = 13.61 μM. 28388523
PC3 Antiproliferative assay 3 days Antiproliferative activity against human PC3 cells after 3 days by WST-1 assay, IC50 = 25.43 μM. 28388523
DU145 Antiproliferative assay 3 days Antiproliferative activity against human DU145 cells after 3 days by WST-1 assay, IC50 = 26.23 μM. 28388523
HepG2 Function assay 5 uM 24 hrs Activation of Nrf2 in human HepG2 cells assessed as cytoprotection against t-BHP-induced oxidative cell death at 5 uM incubated for 24 hrs followed by compound removal with subsequent incubation with 900 uM of t-BHP for 6 hrs by MTT assay 28399452
BV2 Antineuroinflammatory assay 15 mins Antineuroinflammatory activity in mouse BV2 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production pretreated for 15 mins followed by LPS-stimulation measured after 24 hrs by colorimetric method, IC50 = 6 μM. 28514148
L428 Function assay 2 hrs Inhibition of NF-kappaB (unknown origin) expressed in human L428 cells after 2 hrs by luciferase reporter gene assay 28526369
PWR-1E Antiproliferative assay 3 days Antiproliferative activity against human PWR-1E cells expressing androgen receptor and PSA assessed as decrease in cell viability after 3 days by WST assay, IC50 = 8.85 μM. 28601720
LNCAP Antiproliferative assay 3 days Antiproliferative activity against human LNCAP cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 3 days by WST assay, IC50 = 13.61 μM. 28601720
PC3 Antiproliferative assay 3 days Antiproliferative activity against human PC3 cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 3 days by WST assay, IC50 = 25.43 μM. 28601720
DU145 Antiproliferative assay 3 days Antiproliferative activity against human DU145 cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 3 days by WST assay, IC50 = 26.23 μM. 28601720
MDA-MB-231 Cytotoxicity assay 48 hrs Cytotoxicity against human MDA-MB-231 cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 12 μM. 28654265
HT-29 Cytotoxicity assay 48 hrs Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 14 μM. 28654265
NCI-H460 Cytotoxicity assay 48 hrs Cytotoxicity against human NCI-H460 cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 15 μM. 28654265
LN229 Cytotoxicity assay 48 hrs Cytotoxicity against human LN229 cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 15 μM. 28654265
U87 Cytotoxicity assay 48 hrs Cytotoxicity against human U87 cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 16 μM. 28654265
COLO201 Cytotoxicity assay 48 hrs Cytotoxicity against human COLO201 cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 18 μM. 28654265
A549 Cytotoxicity assay 48 hrs Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 18 μM. 28654265
T47D Cytotoxicity assay 48 hrs Cytotoxicity against human T47D cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 19 μM. 28654265
MML1 Cytotoxicity assay 48 hrs Cytotoxicity against human MML1 cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 19 μM. 28654265
BxPC3 Cytotoxicity assay 48 hrs Cytotoxicity against human BxPC3 cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 29 μM. 28654265
SK-MEL-2 Cytotoxicity assay 48 hrs Cytotoxicity against human SK-MEL-2 cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 36 μM. 28654265
HCT116 Antiproliferative assay 48 hrs Antiproliferative activity against human HCT116 cells after 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay, GI50 = 3.5 μM. 28716495
HCT116 Function assay 48 hrs Induction of mitochondrial membrane potential loss in human HCT116 cells at antiproliferative GI50 after 48 hrs by JC-1 staining based fluorescence assay 28716495
HCT116 Function assay 60 mins Induction of mitochondrial superoxide generation in human HCT116 cells at antiproliferative GI50 after 60 mins by mitoSOX red-probe based fluorescence assay 28716495
HCT116 Function assay 60 mins Induction of reactive oxygen species generation in human HCT116 cells at antiproliferative GI50 after 60 mins by DCFH-DA probe based assay 28716495
HCT116 Function assay 500 uM 48 hrs Induction of glutathione oxidation in human HCT116 cells assessed as increase in GSSG/GSH ratio at 500 uM in presence of NADPH after 48 hrs by Ellman's method 28716495
MCF7 Function assay 48 hrs Modulation activity at ER in human MCF7 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 48 μM. 28797797
A549 Growth inhibition assay Growth inhibition of human A549 cells, IC50 = 23 μM. 28814374
BGC823 Growth inhibition assay 20 uM 72 hrs Growth inhibition of human BGC823 cells at 20 uM after 72 hrs by MTT assay 28881286
SGC7901 Growth inhibition assay 20 uM 72 hrs Growth inhibition of human SGC7901 cells at 20 uM after 72 hrs by MTT assay 28881286
MFC Growth inhibition assay 20 uM 72 hrs Growth inhibition of MFC cells at 20 uM after 72 hrs by MTT assay 28881286
BV2 Antiinflammatory assay 24 hrs Antiinflammatory activity against mouse BV2 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production after 24 hrs by griess assay, IC50 = 4 μM. 29035525
NCI-H460 Cytotoxicity assay 48 hrs Cytotoxicity against human NCI-H460 cells assessed as inhibition of cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 17.14 μM. 29174816
PC3 Cytotoxicity assay 48 hrs Cytotoxicity against human PC3 cells assessed as inhibition of cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 18.71 μM. 29174816
DU145 Cytotoxicity assay 48 hrs Cytotoxicity against human DU145 cells assessed as inhibition of cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 33.12 μM. 29174816
HepG2 Function assay 5 hrs Activation of Nrf2 (unknown origin) expressed in human HepG2 cells after 5 hrs by ARE-driven luciferase reporter gene assay, EC50 = 21 μM. 29223100
BGC823 Cytotoxicity assay 72 hrs Cytotoxicity against human BGC823 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition after 72 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 19.5 μM. 29288946
NCI-H460 Cytotoxicity assay 72 hrs Cytotoxicity against human NCI-H460 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition after 72 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 20.3 μM. 29288946
SGC7901 Cytotoxicity assay 72 hrs Cytotoxicity against human SGC7901 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition after 72 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 26.2 μM. 29288946
NCI-H460 Growth inhibition assay 5 to 10 uM 24 to 72 hrs Growth inhibition of human NCI-H460 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability at 5 to 10 uM incubated for 24 to 72 hrs by MTT assay 29288946
NCI-H460 Growth inhibition assay 20 uM 18 hrs Anti-growth activity against human NCI-H460 cells assessed as reduction in colony formation at 20 uM after 18 hrs by crystal violet-based colony forming assay 29288946
NCI-H460 Antimigratory assay 20 uM 48 hrs Anti-migratory activity against human NCI-H460 cells at 20 uM incubated for 48 hrs by wound healing assay 29288946
NCI-H460 Apoptosis assay 15 mg/kg 15 days Induction of apoptosis in tumor of human NCI-H460 cells xenografted in BALB/C nu nude mouse assessed as downregulation of bcl2 expression at 15 mg/kg, ip administered everyday for 15 days by Western blot analysis 29288946
HepG2 Cytotoxicity assay 24 hrs Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 24 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 13.78 μM. 29421568
THP1 Cytotoxicity assay 24 hrs Cytotoxicity against human THP1 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 24 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 22.54 μM. 29421568
K562 Cytotoxicity assay 24 hrs Cytotoxicity against human K562 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 24 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 23.12 μM. 29421568
LO2 Cytotoxicity assay 24 hrs Cytotoxicity against human LO2 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 24 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 25.67 μM. 29421568
HeLa Cytotoxicity assay 24 hrs Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 24 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 31.89 μM. 29421568
NCI-H460 Cytotoxicity assay 48 hrs Cytotoxicity against human NCI-H460 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 17.11 μM. 29429834
PC3 Cytotoxicity assay 48 hrs Cytotoxicity against human PC3 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 18.65 μM. 29429834
DU145 Cytotoxicity assay 48 hrs Cytotoxicity against human DU145 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 33.15 μM. 29429834
MCF7 Cytotoxicity assay 4 hrs Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells preincubated for 4 hrs followed by incubation in compound free media for 24 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 22.1 μM. 29605808
WRL68 Cytotoxicity assay 4 hrs Cytotoxicity against human WRL68 cells preincubated for 4 hrs followed by incubation in compound free media for 24 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 27.8 μM. 29605808
A549 Cytotoxicity assay 4 hrs Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells preincubated for 4 hrs followed by incubation in compound free media for 24 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 43.9 μM. 29605808
NCI-H1975 Cytotoxicity assay 72 hrs Cytotoxicity against human NCI-H1975 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 1.4 μM. 29655083
A549 Cytotoxicity assay 72 hrs Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 6.8 μM. 29655083
HL7702 Cytotoxicity assay 72 hrs Cytotoxicity against human HL7702 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 7.2 μM. 29655083
H460 Cytotoxicity assay 72 hrs Cytotoxicity against human H460 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 8.5 μM. 29655083
NCI-H1650 Cytotoxicity assay 72 hrs Cytotoxicity against human NCI-H1650 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 20.5 μM. 29655083
HepG2 Cytotoxicity assay 24 hrs Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 24 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 10 μM. 29798827
HCT116 Antiproliferative assay 72 hrs Antiproliferative activity against human HCT116 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 10.91 μM. 29886021
HepG2 Cytotoxicity assay 24 hrs Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 24 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 16.01 μM. 29909338
SMMC7721 Cytotoxicity assay 24 hrs Cytotoxicity against human SMMC7721 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 24 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 19.47 μM. 29909338
QGY7703 Cytotoxicity assay 24 hrs Cytotoxicity against human QGY7703 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 24 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 21.44 μM. 29909338
HHL5 Cytotoxicity assay 24 hrs Cytotoxicity against human HHL5 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 24 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 22.27 μM. 29909338
LO2 Cytotoxicity assay 24 hrs Cytotoxicity against human LO2 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 24 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 23.87 μM. 29909338
Vero Cytotoxicity assay Cytotoxicity against African green monkey Vero cells assessed as growth inhibition, CC50 = 36.8 μM. 29920454
HT22 Cytotoxicity assay 24 hrs Cytotoxicity against mouse HT22 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 24 hrs by MTT assay, MNTD = 1 μM. 30031653
HT22 Cytoprotection assay 1 uM 24 hrs Cytoprotection against glutamate-induced apoptosis in mouse HT22 cells assessed as decrease in Bax/Bcl2 ratio at 1 uM after 24 hrs by RT-PCR method 30031653
HT22 Cytoprotection assay 1 uM 24 hrs Cytoprotection against glutamate-induced oxidative stress in mouse HT22 cells assessed as decrease in iNOS mRNA level at 1 uM after 24 hrs by RT-PCR method 30031653
HT22 Cytoprotection assay 1 uM 24 hrs Cytoprotection against glutamate-induced excitotoxicity in mouse HT22 cells assessed as increase in cell viability at 1 uM after 24 hrs by optical microscopic assay 30031653
HT22 Cytoprotection assay 1 uM 24 hrs Cytoprotection against glutamate-induced excitotoxicity in mouse HT22 cells assessed as decrease in glutamate-induced cell cycle arrest at sub-G1 phase at 1 uM after 24 hrs by propidium iodide staining based flow cytometry 30031653
HT22 Cytoprotection assay 1 uM 24 hrs Cytoprotection against glutamate-induced excitotoxicity in mouse HT22 cells assessed as increase in cell proliferation at 1 uM after 24 hrs by MTT assay 30031653
LNCAP Antiproliferative assay Antiproliferative activity against androgen-sensitive human LNCAP cells, IC50 = 2 μM. 30121214
DU145 Antiproliferative assay Antiproliferative activity against androgen-insensitive human DU145 cells, IC50 = 2 μM. 30121214
PC3 Antiproliferative assay Antiproliferative activity against androgen-insensitive human PC3 cells, IC50 = 2 μM. 30121214
LNCAP Antiproliferative assay 3 days Antiproliferative activity against androgen-sensitive human LNCAP cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 3 days by WST assay, IC50 = 13.61 μM. 30121214
PC3 Antiproliferative assay 3 days Antiproliferative activity against androgen-insensitive human PC3 cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 3 days by WST assay, IC50 = 25.43 μM. 30121214
DU145 Antiproliferative assay 3 days Antiproliferative activity against androgen-insensitive human DU145 cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 3 days by WST assay, IC50 = 26.23 μM. 30121214
MCF7 Cytotoxicity assay 72 hrs Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 9.8 μM. 30138803
EJ28 Cytotoxicity assay 72 hrs Cytotoxicity against human EJ28 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 10.5 μM. 30138803
HT1080 Cytotoxicity assay 72 hrs Cytotoxicity against human HT1080 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 13.1 μM. 30138803
SW620 Cytotoxicity assay 72 hrs Cytotoxicity against human SW620 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 14 μM. 30138803
A549 Cytotoxicity assay 72 hrs Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 17.9 μM. 30138803
SMMC7721 Cytotoxicity assay 24 hrs Cytotoxicity against human SMMC7721 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 16.68 μM. 30771605
HepG2 Cytotoxicity assay 24 hrs Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 17.37 μM. 30771605
LO2 Cytotoxicity assay 24 hrs Cytotoxicity against human LO2 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 22.69 μM. 30771605
QGY7703 Cytotoxicity assay 24 hrs Cytotoxicity against human QGY7703 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 23.91 μM. 30771605
HHL5 Cytotoxicity assay 24 hrs Cytotoxicity against human HHL5 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 24.19 μM. 30771605
HCT-116 Function assay 24 hrs Inhibition of chymotrypsin-like activity of human 26S proteasome in human HCT-116 cells assessed as decrease in AMC hydrolysis using Suc-LLVY-AMC as substrate preincubated for 24 hrs followed by addition of substrate and measured after 2 hrs by fluorometr, IC50 = 10 μM. 30776692
SW480 Function assay 24 hrs Inhibition of chymotrypsin-like activity of human 26S proteasome in human SW480 cells assessed as decrease in AMC hydrolysis using Suc-LLVY-AMC as substrate preincubated for 24 hrs followed by addition of substrate and measured after 2 hrs by fluorometric, IC50 = 10 μM. 30776692
RAW264.7 Function assay 10 uM 0.5 hrs Inhibition of MAPK/NFkappaB in ICR mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as reduction in LPS-induced TNFalpha production at 10 uM pretreated for 0.5 hrs followed by LPS challenge and measured after 24 hrs by ELISA relative to control 30780088
RAW264.7 Function assay 0.5 hrs Inhibition of MAPK/NFkappaB in ICR mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as reduction in LPS-induced TNFalpha production pretreated for 0.5 hrs followed by LPS challenge and measured after 24 hrs by ELISA 30780088
RAW264.7 Function assay 0.5 hrs Inhibition of LPS-induced NFkappaB p65 nuclear translocation in ICR mouse RAW264.7 cells preincubated for 0.5 hrs followed by LPS challenge and measured after 40 mins by DAPI staining-based immunofluorescence microscopic analysis 30780088
RAW264.7 Function assay 10 uM 0.5 hrs Inhibition of LPS-induced p38 MAPK phosphorylation in ICR mouse RAW264.7 cells at 10 uM preincubated for 0.5 hrs followed by LPS challenge and measured after 30 mins by immunoblotting analysis 30780088
RAW264.7 Function assay 10 uM 0.5 hrs Inhibition of LPS-induced ERK phosphorylation in ICR mouse RAW264.7 cells at 10 uM preincubated for 0.5 hrs followed by LPS challenge and measured after 30 mins by immunoblotting analysis 30780088
RAW264.7 Function assay 10 uM 0.5 hrs Inhibition of NFkappaB/MAPK signaling in LPS-induced mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as down regulation of IkappaB expression at 10 uM preincubated for 0.5 hrs followed by LPS-challenge and measured after 30 mins by immunoblotting analysis 30780088
RAW264.7 Function assay 10 uM 0.5 hrs Inhibition of MAPK/NFkappaB in ICR mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as reduction in LPS-induced IL6 production at 10 uM pretreated for 0.5 hrs followed by LPS challenge and measured after 24 hrs by ELISA relative to control 30780088
RAW264.7 Function assay 0.5 hrs Inhibition of MAPK/NFkappaB in ICR mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as reduction in LPS-induced IL6 production pretreated for 0.5 hrs followed by LPS challenge and measured after 24 hrs by ELISA 30780088
RAW264.7 Function assay 4 hrs Inhibition of RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis in murine RAW264.7 cells assessed as formation of TRAP positive multinucleated osteoclasts pretreated for 4 hrs followed by RANKL addition measured after 72 hrs, IC50 = 3 μM. 30794412
BV2 Antineuroinflammatory assay 1 hr Anti-neuroinflammatory activity in human BV2 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced NO production preincubated for 1 hr followed by LPS stimulation measured after 24 hrs by Griess reagent based assay, IC50 = 1.58 μM. 31005056
HeLa Anticancer assay Anticancer activity against human HeLa cells, IC50 = 4.33 μM. 31129455
HL60 Cytotoxicity assay Cytotoxicity against human HL60 cells, IC50 = 6.3 μM. 31129455
SKOV3 Cytotoxicity assay 48 hrs Cytotoxicity against human SKOV3 Cells after 48 hrs by Cell Titer Blue assay, IC50 = 6.7 μM. 31129455
HSC4 Cytotoxicity assay Cytotoxicity against human HSC4 cells, IC50 = 7.1 μM. 31129455
U87MG Cytotoxicity assay 48 hrs Cytotoxicity against human U87MG Cells 48 hrs by MTS assay, IC50 = 7.15 μM. 31129455
HSC2 Cytotoxicity assay Cytotoxicity against human HSC2 cells, IC50 = 7.8 μM. 31129455
LX2 Cytotoxicity assay 48 hrs Cytotoxicity against human LX2 Cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 9.14 μM. 31129455
MCF7 Cytotoxicity assay 48 hrs Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 Cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 9.28 μM. 31129455
HepG2 Cytotoxicity assay 48 hrs Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 Cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 9.44 μM. 31129455
3T3 Cytotoxicity assay 48 hrs Cytotoxicity against mouse 3T3 Cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 9.51 μM. 31129455
AGS Cytotoxicity assay Cytotoxicity against human AGS Cells, IC50 = 9.77 μM. 31129455
HSC3 Cytotoxicity assay Cytotoxicity against human HSC3 cells, IC50 = 11 μM. 31129455
MDA-MB-231 Anticancer assay 72 hrs Anticancer activity against human MDA-MB-231 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 11.45 μM. 31129455
SMMC7721 Anticancer assay 72 hrs Anticancer activity against human SMMC7721 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 12.57 μM. 31129455
LX2 Anticancer assay 72 hrs Anticancer activity against human LX2 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 13.97 μM. 31129455
HeLa Cytotoxicity assay Cytotoxicity against human HeLa Cells, IC50 = 14.03 μM. 31129455
SW480 Cytotoxicity assay 24 to 48 hrs Cytotoxicity against human SW480 Cells after 24 to 48 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 15 μM. 31129455
U251MG Cytotoxicity assay 48 hrs Cytotoxicity against human U251MG cells after 48 hrs by MTS assay, IC50 = 15.26 μM. 31129455
RWPE1 Cytotoxicity assay Cytotoxicity against human RWPE1 cells, IC50 = 15.62 μM. 31129455
MCF7 Apoptosis assay Induction of apoptosis in human MCF7 cells, IC50 = 17.1 μM. 31129455
BGC823 Cytotoxicity assay Cytotoxicity against human BGC823 cells, IC50 = 17.5 μM. 31129455
BxPC3 Cytotoxicity assay Cytotoxicity against human BxPC3 cells, IC50 = 18.25 μM. 31129455
HT-29 Cytotoxicity assay Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 Cells, IC50 = 18.74 μM. 31129455
H1299 Cytotoxicity assay Cytotoxicity against human H1299 cells, IC50 = 18.93 μM. 31129455
PC3 Cytotoxicity assay Cytotoxicity against human PC3 cells, IC50 = 19.98 μM. 31129455
EAhy926 Cytotoxicity assay 72 hrs Cytotoxicity against human EAhy926 Cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 20 μM. 31129455
HepG2 Cytotoxicity assay 72 hrs Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 Cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 20.3 μM. 31129455
AGS Cytotoxicity assay Cytotoxicity against human AGS Cells by MTT assay, IC50 = 20.76 μM. 31129455
PC3 Anticancer assay Anticancer activity against human PC3 cells, IC50 = 20.9 μM. 31129455
MGC803 Cytotoxicity assay Cytotoxicity against human MGC803 cells, IC50 = 21.2 μM. 31129455
CHOK1 Cytotoxicity assay 72 hrs Cytotoxicity against human CHOK1 Cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 21.3 μM. 31129455
Hep2 Cytotoxicity assay Cytotoxicity against human Hep2 Cells, IC50 = 21.37 μM. 31129455
MCF7 Cytotoxicity assay Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells, IC50 = 22.5 μM. 31129455
SGC7901 Cytotoxicity assay Cytotoxicity against human SGC7901 cells, IC50 = 22.5 μM. 31129455
HT-29 Cytotoxicity assay 72 hrs Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 Cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 23.4 μM. 31129455
A549 Cytotoxicity assay Cytotoxicity against human A549 Cells by MTT assay, IC50 = 25.33 μM. 31129455
MDA-MB-231 Cytotoxicity assay Cytotoxicity against human MDA-MB-231 cells, IC50 = 26.5 μM. 31129455
A549 Cytotoxicity assay 24 to 48 hrs Cytotoxicity against human A549 Cells after 24 to 48 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 28 μM. 31129455
Caco2 Cytotoxicity assay 72 hrs Cytotoxicity against human Caco2 Cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 28 μM. 31129455
GES-1 Cytotoxicity assay Cytotoxicity against human GES-1 cells, IC50 = 29.1 μM. 31129455
DU145 Anticancer assay Anticancer activity against human DU145 cells, IC50 = 31.7 μM. 31129455
MDCK2 Cytotoxicity assay 15 mins Cytotoxicity against mitoxantrone resistant human MDCK2 cells expressing BCRP after 15 mins by fluorescence assay, IC50 = 32 μM. 31129455
HL-7702 Cytotoxicity assay Cytotoxicity against human HL-7702 cells, IC50 = 32.33 μM. 31129455
K562 Cytotoxicity assay 24 to 48 hrs Cytotoxicity against human K562 Cells after 24 to 48 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 36 μM. 31129455
HepG2 Cytotoxicity assay Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 Cells, IC50 = 36.77 μM. 31129455
GBM1 Cytotoxicity assay 48 hrs Cytotoxicity against human GBM1 Cells 48 hrs by MTS assay, IC50 = 39.65 μM. 31129455
PC12 Cytotoxicity assay 24 hrs Cytotoxicity against rat PC12 cells measured after 24 hrs by WST8/PMS assay, CC50 = 42 μM. 31262559
HCT116 Antiproliferative assay 72 hrs Antiproliferative activity against human HCT116 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 72 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 10.5 μM. 31326241
HeLa Cytotoxicity assay Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells, IC50 = 8.2 μM. 31336310
B16 Cytotoxicity assay Cytotoxicity against human B16 cells by MTT assay, IC50 = 8.5 μM. 31336310
HT1080 Function assay Decrease in UPA expression in human HT1080 cells, IC50 = 10 μM. 31336310
Hep3B Cytotoxicity assay Cytotoxicity against human Hep3B cells, IC50 = 10 μM. 31336310
BT474 Cytotoxicity assay Cytotoxicity against human BT474 cells, IC50 = 11 μM. 31336310
T47D Cytotoxicity assay Cytotoxicity against human T47D cells, IC50 = 11 μM. 31336310
HaCaT Cytotoxicity assay Cytotoxicity against human HaCaT cells, IC50 = 13 μM. 31336310
KM12 Cytotoxicity assay 4 hrs Cytotoxicity against human KM12 cells after 4 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 16 μM. 31336310
HPL1D Cytotoxicity assay Cytotoxicity against human HPL1D cells, IC50 = 16 μM. 31336310
SW480 Cytotoxicity assay 4 hrs Cytotoxicity against human SW480 cells after 4 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 17.94 μM. 31336310
MCF7 Cytotoxicity assay Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells, IC50 = 19.9 μM. 31336310
HT-29 Cytotoxicity assay 4 hrs Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells after 4 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 20.73 μM. 31336310
WiDr Cytotoxicity assay 4 hrs Cytotoxicity against human WiDr cells after 4 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 26.82 μM. 31336310
SW116 Cytotoxicity assay 4 hrs Cytotoxicity against human SW116 cells after 4 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 27.46 μM. 31336310
Colon 26 Cytotoxicity assay 4 hrs Cytotoxicity against mouse Colon 26 cells after 4 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 30.34 μM. 31336310
22Rv1 Function assay Inhibition of NFkappaB p65 nuclear translocation in human 22Rv1 cells at GI50 by DAPI staining based immunofluorescence assay 31767266
PC3 Antiproliferative assay 48 hrs Antiproliferative activity human PC3 cells assessed as reduction in Ki67 protein level at GI50 incubated for 48 hrs by DAPI staining based immunofluorescence assay 31767266
22Rv1 Antiproliferative assay 48 hrs Antiproliferative activity human 22Rv1 cells assessed as reduction in Ki67 protein level at GI50 incubated for 48 hrs by DAPI staining based immunofluorescence assay 31767266
PC3 Function assay Inhibition of NFkappaB p65 nuclear translocation in human PC3 cells at GI50 by DAPI staining based immunofluorescence assay 31767266
PC3 Function assay Inhibition of NFkappaB p65 transcriptional activity in human PC3 cells at GI50 by sandwich ELISA 31767266
22Rv1 Function assay Inhibition of NFkappaB p65 transcriptional activity in human 22Rv1 cells at GI50 by sandwich ELISA 31767266
Sf21 Function assay 10 mins Inhibition of recombinant human full-length His6-tagged p300 expressed in baculovirus infected Sf21 insect cells using [3H]acetylCoA as substrate preincubated for 10 mins followed by substrate addition and measured after 10 mins by liquid scintillation co, IC50 = 25 μM. 31910017
COS7 Function assay 10 mins Inhibition of rabbit SERCA1b expressed in COS7 cells microsomal membranes preincubated for 10 mins followed by addition of ATP and measured after 40 mins by ELISA method, Ki = 5.8 μM. 32030976
COS7 Function assay 10 mins Inhibition of human SERCA3a expressed in COS7 cells microsomal membranes preincubated for 10 mins followed by addition of ATP and measured after 40 mins by ELISA method, Ki = 8.6 μM. 32030976
A549 Function assay 15 mins Inhibition of microsomal PGES1 in ILbeta-stimulated human A549 cells using PGH2 as substrate preincubated for 15 mins followed by substrate addition measured after 1 min by RP-HPLC analysis, IC50 = 0.2 μM. ChEMBL
RAW264.7 Function assay 20 hrs Inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production in mouse RAW264.7 cells measured after 20 hrs by griess assay, IC50 = 0.8 μM. ChEMBL
MDCK Antiviral assay 40 hrs Antiviral activity against Influenza A virus (A/WSN/33(H1N1)) infected in MDCK cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect incubated for 40 hrs by CellTiter-Glo assay, IC50 = 6.7 μM. ChEMBL
MDCK Antiviral assay 40 hrs Antiviral activity against Influenza A virus (A/WSN/33(H1N1)) infected in MDCK cells assessed as reduction in virus-induced cytopathic effect after 40 hrs by CellTiter-Glo assay, IC50 = 6.7 μM. ChEMBL
RAW264.7 Antiinflammatory assay 17 hrs Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS/IFN-gamma-stimulated nitric oxide production after 17 hrs by Griess assay, IC50 = 14.7 μM. ChEMBL
HEK293T Cytotoxicity assay Cytotoxicity against HEK293T cells, IC50 = 15.2 μM. ChEMBL
J774.1 Cytotoxicity assay Cytotoxicity against mouse J774.1 cells, IC50 = 31 μM. ChEMBL
MDCK Cytotoxicity assay 40 hrs Cytotoxicity against MDCK cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 40 hrs by CellTiter-Glo assay, CC50 = 48.3 μM. ChEMBL
MDCK Cytotoxicity assay 40 hrs Cytotoxicity against MDCK cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 40 hrs by CellTiter-Glo assay, CC50 = 48.3 μM. ChEMBL
3T3L1 Function assay 10 ng/ml Inhibition of TNFalpha-induced NFkappaB activation (unknown origin) expressed in mouse 3T3L1 cells at 10 ng/ml by luciferase reporter gene assay ChEMBL
Click to View More Cell Line Experimental Data

Biological Activity

Description Curcumin (Diferuloylmethane, Natural Yellow 3, Turmeric yellow) is the principal curcuminoid of the popular Indian spice turmeric, which is a member of the ginger family (Zingiberaceae). It is an inhibitor of p300 histone acetylatransferase（IC50~25 μM）and Histone deacetylase (HDAC); activates Nrf2 pathway and supresses the activation of NF-κB. Curcumin induces mitophagy, autophagy, apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest with antitumor activity. Curcumin reduces renal damage associated with rhabdomyolysis by decreasing ferroptosis-mediated cell death. Curcumin exhibits anti-infective properties against various human pathogens like the influenza virus, hepatitis C virus, HIV and so on.
Targets
Nrf2 [1]
(Cell-free assay)		 Ferroptosis [9] HDAC [7]
(Cell-free assay)		 NF-κB [8]
(Cell-free assay)		 p300 [6]
(Cell-free assay)
~25 μM
In vitro
In vitro

Curcumin induces the expression of forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1) through activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 signaling. Curcumin inhibits cell proliferation, which was associated with upregulation of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, p27 and p21, and downregulation of cyclin D1[2]. Curcumin induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and mitochondrial dysfunction as evidenced by up-regulation of CCAAT/enhancer binding protein homologous protein (CHOP), phosphorylation of JNK and down-regulation of SERCA2ATPase, release of cytochrome c, decrease of Bcl-2 and reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential in both AGS and HT-29 cells[3].
Cell Research Cell lines murine melanoma cell subline(B16-R)
Concentrations 0-100 μM
Incubation Time 24-48 h
Method

1×104 B16-R cells are cultivated as monolayer culture for 12 hr. They were then incubated in 200 μL of RPMI, 10% FBS containing curcumin at final concentrations from 1–100 μM in 96-multiwell plates for 24-48 hr. After these incubations, cells are washed twice in PBS and 500 μl of fresh culture medium containing MTT (0.3 mg/mL) are added for colorimetric assay.
Experimental Result Images Methods Biomarkers Images PMID
Western blot p-IRE1α / IREα HDAC1/ HDAC2 p-STAT3 / STAT3 29901626
Immunofluorescence β-catenin PKD1 EGFR / LC3 22523587
Growth inhibition assay Cell proliferation Cell viability 22523587
In Vivo
In vivo

Chronic treatment with curcumin significantly reverses the CMS-induced behavioral abnormalities in stressed rats. Additionally, curcumin effectively inhibits cytokine gene expression at both the mRNA and the protein level and reduces the activation of NF-κB[4].
Animal Research Animal Models Female B6D2F1 mice (6-8 weeks old)
Dosages 25 mg/kg
Administration i.p.
NCT Number Recruitment Conditions Sponsor/Collaborators Start Date Phases
NCT06053411 Not yet recruiting
Interaction
Washington State University
 January 1 2024 Early Phase 1
NCT05947513 Not yet recruiting
Cervical Cancer
Addis Ababa University|Center for Innovative Drug Development and Therapeutic Trials for Africa Addis Ababa University|Akay Natural Ingredients Private Limited
 October 2023 Phase 1|Phase 2
NCT05966441 Not yet recruiting
Chemotherapy-induced Peripheral Neuropathy
Ain Shams University
 August 30 2023 Phase 2
NCT05774704 Recruiting
Bioavailability|Gut Microbiome|Safety
Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center
 August 21 2023 Phase 1|Phase 2

Chemical Information & Solubility

Molecular Weight 368.38 Formula

C21H20O6
CAS No. 458-37-7 SDF Download Curcumin SDF
Smiles COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C=CC(=O)CC(=O)C=CC2=CC(=C(C=C2)O)OC)O
Storage (From the date of receipt)

In vitro
Batch:

DMSO : 74 mg/mL ( (200.87 mM) Moisture-absorbing DMSO reduces solubility. Please use fresh DMSO.)

Water : Insoluble

Ethanol : Insoluble


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Method for preparing DMSO master liquid: mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO ( Master liquid concentration mg/mL, Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug. )

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Tech Support

Answers to questions you may have can be found in the inhibitor handling instructions. Topics include how to prepare stock solutions, how to store inhibitors, and issues that need special attention for cell-based assays and animal experiments.

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